書名:新世紀(jì)大學(xué)英語系列教材(第二版)-綜合教程1
作者:秦秀白,蔣靜儀
出版社：上海外語教育出版社
Unit One
College English
Words in Action
?
Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very?familiar with. Now work in pairs and make sentences with each of them to?see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a?dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.
?
▆?Sample sentences for reference:
?Do you think the government will deliver on their?election promises?
?I need to polish (up) my French now because I’m?going to France next summer.
?Details of the competition are available from our?head office.
?Many people choose to go by car rather than by?bus, but I prefer the latter.
?Please file this letter (away), Miss Smith.
?Today his company continues to thrive in spite of?severe competition.
?She undertook responsibility for the changes he?made in the article.
?A career advisor can offer you sound and practical?suggestions on how to make career decision.
?A nurse has many duties to fulfill in caring for the?sick.
?He perceived a subtle (微妙的；細微的) change?in her manner when he met her the second time.
?Over the years, I have accumulated hundreds of?books.
?He has multiplied his fortune many times within a?short period of two years.
?
?In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete?the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.
?
▆?Answers:
compromise
self-induced
steered
frame
demonstrated
employ
promote
impressed
contribution
deliberately
financial
economic
?
In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do?you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper?context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the?form where necessary.
?
▆?Answers:
makes a point of
refresh my memory
lead to
at hand
working out
under pressure
Last but not least
took, down
In addition to
were involved in
in other words
pointed out
pay off
?
Fill in the blanks with words listed in the box below. Change the form where?necessary. Then rearrange the given letters to form two words related to?college life and complete the final sentence with the two words.
?
▆?Answers:
scored
scheduled
assigned
motivate
crucial
promote
performed
debate
scanned
devised
advocated
clarify
priorities
compromised
context
undertook
academic excellence
?
▆ Increasing Your Word Power
?
The same word can perform different roles and functions as different parts?of speech. Listed in the box below are some of these words. Complete the?following sentences with the words in the box. Make sure that your sentences?are grammatically correct.?
?
▆?Answers:
principal / major
top
major
top
principal
major
schedule
advocate / have advocated
top
approach
blame
major / principal
advocate
schedule
blame
approaching
pressure
pace
pressured
pace
?
?In this unit there are many words and phrases that are similar in meaning.?Find out those pairs of words and phrases and put them down in the space?provided.
?
▆?Answers:
reveal | disclose |
tentative (questions) | possible?(questions) |
achieve | attain |
super-achiever | straight-A student |
steer toward | point toward |
be caught | be trapped |
?
In this unit the verb set?is collocated with priorities, timetables, and standards.?Try to fill in as many nouns as possible that can go with set?in the space?provided. If you are not sure of some collocations, consult a dictionary. Then?make sentences of your own using the collocations in the space provided.
?
▆ Answers for reference:
set priorities / timetables / standards / an exam / an alarm / an example / a?price /a record / limits
Who is going to set (the questions for) the exam this time?
She forgot to set her alarm last night: that was why she overslept.
Her heroic behavior sets a good example for us to follow.
We had to compromise and finally the price was set at $1,000.
We were all pleased to know that Liu Xiang had set a world record in the?110-meter hurdles.
The government has set strict limits on pay increases.
?
Did you notice the suffixes -ion, -ation, -ly?in words such as education,?expectation, deliberately?in this unit? The suffixes -ion, -ation?can be put after?many verbs to form nouns, and -ly?can be added to many adjectives to form?adverbs. Listed in the box below are some nouns and adverbs with suffixes -ion,?-ation, -ly?you have come across in this unit. Write down their corresponding?verb and adjective forms in the space provided.
?
▆ Answers:
Nouns with –ion/ation | Verbs | Adverbs with -ly | Adjectives |
anticipation | anticipate | concisely | concise |
association | associate | deliberately | deliberate |
contribution | contribute | effectively | effective |
edition | edit | equally | equal |
expectation | expect | immediately | immediate |
frustration | frustrate | presumably | presumable |
participation | participate | psychologically | psychological |
revision | revise | ultimately | ultimate |
?
Task 1:?Complete each of the following sentences with a proper noun with suffixes?-ion, -ation?listed above.
?
▆ Answers:
edition
revisions
contribution
anticipation
frustration
participation
association
expectations
?
Task 2:?Correct the mistakes in the following paragraph, paying special attention?to the use of adjectives and adverbs. Underline the mistakes and write?down your corrections in the space below. If you think there is no mistake,?write “No Mistake”.
?
▆ Answers:
No mistake
especially
necessary
frequently
No mistake
easy
No mistake
individual
many
highly
apparent
remarkable
probably
No mistake
?
GRAMMAR IN CONTEXT
?
Task 1: Decide which one is correct by crossing out the wrong one.
?
▆?Answers for reference:
People go to university to increase their knowledge.
The family were at table when the telephone rang.
There is a Jack Robinson waiting to see you in the hall.
We are striving for a world with no poverty, no hurt and no hatred.
The Olympic Games for 2016 will be held in Rio de Janeiro.
?
Task 2: Insert an appropriate article in each blank, using ??to stand for ZERO?article:
?
▆?Answers:
the ????
an ????
? ????
a ????
the
the ????
the ????
a ????
a ????
a
the ???
the ??
? ??
the ??
the
a ?????
? ??
the ??
the ??
a
?
Cloze
?
Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter?of each is given.
?
▆?Answers:
academic
priorities
conducted
principles
begin
priority
compromised
addition
filing
Speaking
formula
Participation / Participating
based
least
way
pressure
?
Translation?
?
Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.
?
▆?Answers for reference:
?
The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim.
The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said.
Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attained?academic excellence.
He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance?by writing us a letter.
George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn.
We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy.
It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths / facts.
You should be working instead of lying there in bed at this time of the day.
I’ll jot down some notes while he’s speaking.
I can’t carry the suitcase on my own; it’s too heavy.
?
?Theme-Related Writing
?
1.?Write an essay in about 100–120 words based on your discussion in Optional?Classroom Activities. You can take either of the following titles:
1) I like to study on my own
2) I like to study in a group
?
2. If you didn’t do Task 3 in Optional Classroom Activities you can write an essay?of around 120 words on the following topic.
College Is Not an Ivory Tower
?
▆ Sample Essays?for Task 1:
I like to study on my own
Many of my classmates like to study together.?However, I always like to study on my own, with?good reasons. First, I feel that I can concentrate?better when I study alone. When I have to work?together with other people, I often get distracted?and more often than not, I end up chatting with?them without completing the task at hand. Second,?when I study on my own, I can work at my own?pace, choosing to spend more time on certain difficult?sections and less time on less challenging?parts. I can also check my class notes or reference?books whenever I feel the need to. One final good?advantage of studying alone is that unlike group?work, self study is not restricted by time and space.?In other words, if I feel like studying, I can do so at?any time and anywhere.
?(146 words)
?
I like to study in a group
According to a recent study, students who?study together by discussing homework and problems?usually score higher than those who work on?their own. I am happy to hear that because I like?to study in a group. I think we can reinforce our?understanding of what we have learned in class by?asking each other questions. Besides, it is always?enjoyable working with someone else. A discussion?on questions we don’t understand very well will?help clear up any possible confusion. Last but not?least, we should not ignore the importance of cooperation?in our society. Working with others helps?develop our team spirit, which has become essential?in this modern world of ours. After all, two?heads are always better than one.
(125 words)
?
▆?Sample Essay for Task 2:
College Is Not an Ivory Tower
People often say that college is an ivory tower?and life on campus is cut off from the harsh realities?of the real world. College may have been an ivory?tower before, but it is not so any more. We college?students are under various kinds of pressure. First?of all, most of us are burdened with a heavy tuition?fee, which keeps on increasing every year. So some?of us have to work over ten hours every week. Life?for those who can get financial help from their parents?is not easy either, as they very often have to?follow their parents’ advice and take a major they?don’t like. Finally those who are about to graduate?suffer from a different kind of pressure: hunting for?a job. It is no longer easy for a college student to?get a decently paid job these days.
?(134 words)
